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http://repositorio.pediatria.gob.mx:8180/handle/20.500.12103/2209| Título : | A proposal for an international retinoblastoma staging system |
| Creador: | Antoneli C.B.G. |
| Nivel de acceso: | Open access |
| Palabras clave : | Humanos Estadificación de Neoplasias Neoplasias de la Retina - clasificación Neoplasias de la Retina - diagnóstico Neoplasias de la Retina - patología Retinoblastoma -- clasificación Retinoblastoma - diagnóstico Retinoblastoma - patología Humans Neoplasm Staging - standards Retinal Neoplasms - classification Retinal Neoplasms - diagnosis Retinal Neoplasms - pathology Retinoblastoma - classification Retinoblastoma - diagnosis Retinoblastoma - pathology Classification Extra-ocular Metastasis Retinoblastoma Staging |
| Descripción : | Background. Although intra-retinal tumor has long been staged presurgically according to the Reese-Ellsworth (R-E) system, retinoblastoma differs from other pediatric neoplasms in never having had a widely accepted classification system that encompasses the entire spectrum of the disease. Comparisons among studies that consider disease extension, risk factors for extra-ocular relapse, and response to therapy require a universally accepted staging system for extra-ocular disease. Procedure. A committee of retinoblastoma experts from large centers worldwide has developed a consensus classification that can encompass all retinoblastoma cases and is presented herein. Patients are classified according to extent of disease and the presence of overt extra-ocular extension. In addition, a proposal for substaging considering histopathological features of enucleated specimens is presented to further discriminate between Stage I and II patients. Results. The following is a summary of the classification system developed - Stage O: Patients treated conservatively (subject to presurgical ophthalmologic classifications); Stage I: Eye enucleated, completely resected histologically; Stage II: Eye enucleated, microscopic residual tumor; Stage III: Regional extension [(a) overt orbital disease, (b) preauricular or cervical lymph node extension]; Stage IV: Metastatic disease [(a) hematogenous metastasis: (1) single lesion, (2) multiple lesions; (b) CNS extension: (1) prechiasmatic lesion, (2) CNS mass, (3) leptomeningeal disease]. A proposal is also presented for substaging of enucleated Stages I and II eyes. Conclusions. The proposed staging system is the product of an international effort to adopt a uniform staging system for patients with retinoblastoma to cover the whole spectrum of the disease. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. |
| Colaborador(es) u otros Autores: | Grundy R. Stannard F.F.C. Dunkel I.J. Grabowski E. Leal-Leal C. Rodríguez-Galindo C. Schvartzman E. Popovic M.B. Kremens B. Meadows A.T. Zucker J.-M. |
| Fecha de publicación : | 2006 |
| Tipo de publicación: | Artículo |
| Formato: | |
| Identificador del Recurso : | 10.1002/pbc.20606 |
| Fuente: | Pediatric Blood and Cancer 47(6):801 - 805 |
| URI : | http://repositorio.pediatria.gob.mx:8180/handle/20.500.12103/2209 |
| Idioma: | eng |
| Aparece en las colecciones: | Artículos |
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